According to Charlie Bilello, the S&P 500 is trading at 3.3 times sales, the highest valuation on record as of Jan 4, 2026, source: Charlie Bilello on X. Elevated valuation multiples have historically been linked with lower subsequent long-horizon equity returns, signaling higher valuation risk for SPX exposure, source: Campbell and Shiller, Journal of Portfolio Management 1998 and Federal Reserve Financial Stability Report 2024. For crypto traders, equity to crypto spillovers matter because Bitcoin BTC and U.S. equities have shown persistent positive return correlations since 2020, source: IMF Global Financial Stability Note 2022 Crypto Prices Move More in Sync With Stocks and Coin Metrics correlation reports 2020 to 2022. During equity stress, volatility hedges such as the VIX, which typically moves inversely to the S&P 500, are widely monitored alongside crypto risk metrics to manage drawdowns, source: Cboe VIX education and Federal Reserve Financial Stability Report 2024.